Jo-Anne Bates has transformed the process by which she produces monotypes: incorporating shredded junk mail for texture; tearing and folding the print before running it through the press multiple times; introducing text –words, sayings and statements used by and about black people; and adding lines of colored ink to her two dimensional sculptural type prints. “Exploring methods of creating philosophical road maps by making connections with color, shape, text, and more recently, texture, continues to be an ongoing and necessary challenge for me in creating these new monotypes.”